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The European Economic Community was officially established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957. It then consisted of six member states - Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, West Germany and the Netherlands. The European Union, as it is now known, now consists of 25 member states and presidency of the organisation changes annually. Britain, Ireland and Denmark joined in 1973, Greece joined in 1981, Spain and Portugal in 1986, Austria, Finland and Sweden in 1995. On 1 May 2004, 10 new states from Eastern and Southern Europe joined the community. The EU is now the world's largest trading bloc by population, with about 455 million citizens. Among its achievements, the community has been responsible for establishing the Single Market in 1993 and launching the Euro in 2002. Former Prime Minister Sir Edward Heath, who died in July 2005, regarded his greatest achievement as securing Britain's entry to what was the Common Market in 1973.

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